Primitive Types

N32

The type N32 describes natural numbers¹, represented with 32 bits of precision.

N32 values can be written as literals in decimal (46), hex (0x2e), or binary (0b101110). Digits can be separated with underscores (1_000_000).

N32s support the usual arithmetic and bitwise operators (4 * 11 + 2, 5 << 3 | 6)

F32

The type F32 describes 32-bit floating-point numbers (following IEEE 754).

F32 values can be written as literals (4.6e1). The decimal point is required.

F32s support the usual arithmetic operators (3.6 * 12.3 + 1.72).

Char

The type Char describes Unicode scalar values. Chars are primarily used within Strings.

Char values can be written as literals using single quotes ('.').

Chars support adding an N32, resulting in another Char ('a' + 4), as well as subtracting another Char, resulting in an N32 ('G' - 'A').

Bool

The type Bool describes booleans.

The two Bool values can be written as literals (true, false).

Bools support the usual short-circuiting logical operators (&&, ||, !) and non-short-circuiting ("bitwise") operators (&, |, ^).

Expressions that evaluate to booleans are called conditions.

IO

IO is a special primitive type used to interact with the outside world. Values of this type cannot be explicitly constructed; instead, an IO handle is passed in to main at the start of the program. See the section on IO for more detail.